Blood pressure
 |
| Blood Pressure_ Symptoms and Causes - Health Care |
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as it is pumped from the heart throughout the body. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is expressed as two numbers.
Systolic pressure
Diastolic pressure
A normal blood pressure reading is typically around 120/80 mmHg. High blood pressure, or hypertension, is diagnosed when the reading consistently exceeds 140/90 mmHg, while low blood pressure, or hypotension, is diagnosed when it falls below 90/60 mmHg. Abnormal blood pressure readings can indicate various health problems and it is important to monitor and maintain healthy blood pressure levels to reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other serious health conditions.
Table of content:
- Blood pressure
- Types of blood pressure
- Normal blood pressure by age
- Blood pressure chart
- How to monitor blood pressure?
- Symptoms and causes of high and low blood pressure
- How to control high and low blood pressure?
Types of blood pressure
 |
| types of blood pressure |
Systolic Blood Pressure:
The top number in a blood pressure reading represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats.Diastolic Blood Pressure:
The bottom number in a blood pressure reading represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.Normal Blood Pressure:
A blood pressure reading of less than 120/80 mmHg is considered normal.High Blood Pressure:
A blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg or higher is considered high blood pressure (hypertension).Causes of high blood pressure;
Genetics:
High blood pressure can be inherited from family members, leading to an increased risk.
Lifestyle factors:
An unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and stress can all contribute to high blood pressure.
Age:
Blood pressure naturally increases as you age, with most people developing high blood pressure after the age of 60.
Obesity:
Excess weight and obesity put extra strain on the heart and blood vessels, leading to high blood pressure.
Chronic conditions:
Chronic conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, and sleep apnea can increase the risk of developing high blood pressure.
Use of certain medications:
Some medications, such as oral contraceptives and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can increase blood pressure.
Hormonal imbalances:
Hormonal imbalances can lead to high blood pressure, including adrenal gland problems and low levels of thyroid hormones.
Sodium intake:
Consuming high levels of salt can lead to water retention and increased blood volume, which can increase blood pressure.
Symptoms of high blood pressure
Here is a general list of symptoms of high blood pressure:
Headaches
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Nausea
Blurred vision
Ringing in the ears
Fatigue or confusion
Nosebleeds
It's important to note that many people with high blood pressure do not experience any symptoms, so regular blood pressure checks are important.
How to control high blood pressure?
Some tips to help control high blood pressure:
Maintain a healthy diet:
Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy, and lean protein in your diet. Limit your salt and alcohol intake.
Exercise regularly:
Engage in physical activities such as walking, cycling, swimming, or weightlifting. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.
Manage stress:
Find ways to manage stress, such as practicing mindfulness, deep breathing, or yoga.
Quit smoking:
Smoking increases your risk of developing high blood pressure.
Monitor your blood pressure regularly:
Keep track of your blood pressure readings and share the results with your doctor.
Take medications as prescribed:
If prescribed, take blood pressure medications as directed by your doctor.
Maintain a healthy weight:
Excess weight puts strain on your heart and blood vessels, leading to high blood pressure.
Reduce sodium:
High levels of sodium in your diet can cause an increase in blood pressure.
It's important to remember that it's a combination of these habits and lifestyle changes that help control high blood pressure effectively. If you have any concerns, it is best to speak with a doctor.
Low Blood Pressure:
A blood pressure reading below 90/60 mmHg is considered low blood pressure (hypotension).Causes of low blood pressure;
Dehydration:
Loss of fluid can cause a drop in blood pressure.
Heart problems:
Heart disease, heart attack, heart valve problems, or heart failure can cause low blood pressure.
Endocrine problems:
Thyroid, adrenal, or pituitary gland disorders can cause low blood pressure.
Blood loss:
Losing blood due to injury or surgery can lead to low blood pressure.
Medications:
Certain medications like diuretics, blood pressure medications, and antidepressants can lower blood pressure.
Anemia:
Low levels of red blood cells can reduce the amount of oxygen-rich blood in the body and cause low blood pressure.
Pregnancy:
Blood pressure decreases during pregnancy, particularly in the first trimester.
Septic shock:
Bacterial infections can cause a serious drop in blood pressure.
Nutritional deficiencies:
Low levels of vitamins and minerals, such as iron, calcium, and vitamin B12, can lead to low blood pressure.
Nervous system problems:
Autonomic neuropathy, a condition that affects the autonomic nervous system, can cause low blood pressure.
symptoms of low blood pressure
Low blood pressure, also known as hypotension, can cause the following symptoms:
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Blurred vision
Nausea
Dehydration or unusual thirst
Generally feeling sick
Fatigue
Fainting
Weakness
Rapid or irregular heartbeat
Shortness of breath
Cold and clammy skin
Numbness or tingling in the limbs
It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms, especially if they persist or worsen over time.
How to control low blood pressure?
steps to control low blood pressure, are:
Eat a healthy diet:
Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein sources in your diet.
Stay hydrated:
Drink plenty of water and other fluids, such as low-fat milk, herbal tea, and clear broths.
Exercise regularly:
Physical activity can help improve blood circulation and boost your heart health.
Avoid alcohol and caffeine:
Both of these substances can lower your blood pressure, so limit your intake.
Manage stress:
Stress can raise your blood pressure, so find ways to relax and manage stress, such as through meditation, yoga, or deep breathing.
Talk to your doctor:
If you are taking medication that may be contributing to your low blood pressure, your doctor may be able to adjust your dosage or switch you to a different medication.
If you are experiencing symptoms such as fainting, dizziness, or chest pain, seek medical attention immediately.
Prehypertension:
A blood pressure reading between 120/80 mmHg and 139/89 mmHg is considered prehypertension.Isolated Systolic Hypertension:
A condition in which the systolic blood pressure is elevated but the diastolic blood pressure is normal.White Coat Hypertension:
A condition in which blood pressure is elevated in a clinical setting due to anxiety or stress.Resistant Hypertension:
A condition in which high blood pressure does not respond to three or more different types of medications.Normal blood pressure by age
The normal blood pressure range for adults regardless of age is generally considered to be less than 120/80 mmHg. However, blood pressure can vary depending on age and other factors such as overall health and medical conditions. As a general guideline, the following blood pressure ranges are often used:
For children and teenagers, a normal blood pressure range varies depending on age, height, and sex. In general, a healthy blood pressure range is below the 90th percentile for a child's age and sex.
For adults aged 18-39, a normal blood pressure range is typically considered to be below 120/80 mmHg.
For adults aged 40-59, a normal blood pressure range is typically considered to be below 130/80 mmHg.
For adults aged 60 and over, a normal blood pressure range is typically considered to be below 140/90 mmHg.
It's important to note that blood pressure can vary throughout the day and can be affected by a number of factors, including stress, physical activity, and diet. If you have concerns about your blood pressure, you should speak with your healthcare provider.
Blood pressure Chart
A blood pressure chart shows the range of normal, pre-hypertension, and hypertension levels based on systolic and diastolic readings. Here is a typical blood pressure chart:
It's important to note that blood pressure readings can vary based on age, gender, and overall health. It's best to discuss any concerns about blood pressure levels with a healthcare provider.
Monitor blood pressure
 |
| Monitor blood pressure |
Choose the right cuff size:
Blood pressure monitors come in different sizes, so make sure to choose one that fits your arm comfortably.Sit down and relax:
It is important to sit down quietly for a few minutes before taking your blood pressure. Avoid physical activity, eating, drinking, or smoking for about 30 minutes before taking your blood pressure.Place the cuff:
Put the cuff around your arm, so that the bottom edge of the cuff is about 1 inch above the bend of your elbow. Make sure that the cuff is snug, but not too tight, around your arm.Start the monitor:
Turn on your blood pressure monitor, following the instructions for your specific device.Inflate the cuff:
The monitor will automatically inflate the cuff to a certain pressure. This process should be painless.Listen for the first number:
The monitor will start to deflate the cuff and will measure your systolic blood pressure (the first number in a blood pressure reading).Listen for the second number:
The monitor will continue to deflate the cuff and will measure your diastolic blood pressure (the second number in a blood pressure reading).Read the results:
The monitor will display the results of your blood pressure reading. You should also record the results in a notebook or app, so you can track changes over time.Repeat the process:
If desired, you can repeat the process after a few minutes to ensure accuracy.It is important to follow these instructions carefully and consult a doctor if you have any questions or concerns about using a blood pressure monitor.
Social Plugin